What are the symptoms of male prostatitis and how to treat it

Today, inflammation of the prostate ranks among the top men's diseases that are primarily sexually transmitted. Complications can lead to infertility, decreased libido, and impotence.Symptoms of prostatitis include more than just pain, urinary disturbances, and inflammation of the spermatic cord. Perhaps the most dangerous consequence of late-stage inflammation is prostate cancer. And the pathological process diagnosed in time can easily be stopped.

causes of inflammation

The risk of developing prostate inflammation is increased due to various factors that trigger the disease:

• Hypothermia, one-time or related to the nature of outdoor work.
• A sedentary lifestyle can lead to digestive system disorders.
• Chronic physical diseases (diabetes, hypertension).
• Lesion and peri-lesion infection (rhinitis, tonsillitis, stomatitis, gastritis).
• Persistent UGI (chlamydia, trichomoniasis, herpes viruses).
• Stress, insomnia, chronic fatigue syndrome.
• Decreased immunity due to illness, surgery, emotional stress.
• Bad habits that lead to poisoning: alcohol, smoking, strong coffee.
• Occupational injuries to the perineum of car drivers, athletes, and workers in hazardous industries.
• Disturbed sexual intercourse, interruption of intercourse, lack of intercourse, incomplete ejaculation, chronic lack of intimacy (low demand for sperm leading to glandular stagnation).
• STDs.

Despite its fair share of irritating moments, the essence of prostatitis is stagnation within the organ with impaired blood circulation and lymphatic outflow.

symptoms of prostatitis

Prostatitis may be suspected based on the following urogenital dysfunction:

• Discomfort during urination, uncontrolled urination;
• Efficacy impairment, weak erections, decreased libido;
• Difficulty urinating, feeling like your bladder is not completely emptying;
• Perineal pain when sitting for long periods of time, such as while driving;
• Infertility.

The acute phase of the disease causes significant discomfort. This stage is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• Frequent painful urge to urinate;
• Delayed urination or inability to urinate;
• Throbbing pain in the perineum that passes to the anus and worsens with defecation. As a result, bowel movements become difficult;
• The body is generally in a state of poisoning and fever.

Chronic prostatitis is accompanied by other symptoms:

• slight increase in body temperature;
• persistent fatigue;
• Mild pain in the perineum and burning sensation in the urethra;
• Discomfort during urination and defecation;
• Reduced sexual function and resulting psychological depression.

Classification

In modern urology, there is no uniform classification of this disease. Practicing physicians, however, prefer this method for classifying prostatic inflammatory processesDepending on the course of the disease:

• Acute prostatitis. It affects more than 50% of people aged 30 to 35 years and younger.
• Chronic choice. It is considered a non-age category. It does not manifest itself over a long period of time; the impetus for its development is a cold or infection.

Causes of pathology:

• Bacterial inflammation of the prostate occurs mainly in men under 40 years of age, occurs on the background of ultrasonography, and does not extend beyond the borders of the organ.
• Non-bacterial pathological changes of the glands are mainly chronic.
• Viral inflammation of the prostate is characterized by an acute course affecting the entire genital region.

Depending on the nature of the structural changes in the prostate:

• Fibrous prostatitis is characterized by rapid and irreversible growth of the gland and requires radical intervention. Clinically resembles prostate adenoma.
• Prostatolithic inflammation occurs due to the formation of stones within the prostate. Considered a precursor to cancer.
• Congestive prostatitis is a result of a sedentary lifestyle and one in every two patients is diagnosed with it.

signs of disease

Men should contact a qualified specialist immediately if they notice at least two of the following symptoms of prostatitis:

• Urination disorder, characterized by an intermittent, weak, and abnormally short flow of urine that causes splashing, difficulty, and pain before urinating. Frequent urges to empty your bladder occur mostly at night.
• The pain is localized in the lower abdomen and radiates to the scrotum, perineum, and rectum.
• Sexual dysfunction.
• Ejaculation problems, sperm changes (consistency, quantity).

acute prostatitis

The disease begins with a sharp increase in body temperature (up to 40 degrees), headache and fever. Symptoms include groin, perineal, and back pain, urethral discharge, urinary frequency, and persistent urinary urgency.There will be a delay in emptying the bladder and a burning sensation. The urine itself becomes cloudy and may contain blood. Irritability and fatigue occur.The result of acute prostatitis can be complete resolution of the process (if treatment is started promptly). Since many pelvic organs will undergo changes, they cannot be left alone, otherwise corresponding complications will occur:

• Seminal vesiculitis is inflammation of the seminal vesicles and is responsible for the presence of pus in sperm, which not only reduces the quality of ejaculation but also leads to loss of reproductive function.
• Colonitis - inflammatory changes in the spermatozoa become the cause of severe pain during sexual intercourse, interrupted orgasm and psychogenic impotence.
• The formation and rupture of abscesses in the prostate and purulent lesions of the rectum can lead to worsening of symptoms, severe physical intoxication, and even death.
• Stagnation of prostate tissue causes changes in its structure, disrupting the innervation and blood supply of the gland itself and nearby organs, thereby disrupting its function. Erection is insufficient for adequate sexual intercourse, premature ejaculation and prolonged intercourse without orgasm are observed.
• Scarring changes to the glands and spermatic cord can lead to infertility, decreased sperm quality and sperm motility. Narrowing of the urethra can interfere with the normal urination process; bladder obstruction can lead to acute urinary retention, requiring emergency surgery.

chronic prostatitis

The main characteristics of this disease are unclear clinical symptoms and long and persistent course. More often, the chronic form occurs independently, as the main pathology in the context of stasis of blood in the vessels (prostatopathy), non-bacterial prostatitis.The main symptoms of chronic prostatitis are:

• fever;
• Pain occurs in the scrotum, perineum, anus, and back;
• Urination disorders;
• Mucus or mucopurulent discharge from the rectum or urethra even without urination or defecation;
• Erectile dysfunction, painful ejaculation, interrupted intercourse, prolonged intercourse without satisfaction.

Inaction and improper treatment of chronic prostatitis can cause complications:

• Infertility is the result of chronic inflammation of the spermatic cord, vesicles, testicles and their appendages.
• Cystitis, pyelonephritis (other diseases of the genitourinary system) are the result of hematogenous and mechanical spread of microorganisms.
• septicemia.
• Immunity continues to decline.
• Untreated prostatitis can lead to cancer in 35-40% of cases.

diagnosis

The clinical manifestations of the disease are typical and the diagnosis is not difficult. It is performed by a urologist based on medical history, patient examination, laboratory minimum and using the most modern medical equipment:

• Glandular rectal examination, aspiration of secretions for examination (culture to determine susceptibility to antibiotics).
• UAC, UAM, urine bacterial culture.
• STD smear test, upper gastrointestinal tract examination.
• The urinary rhythm is monitored daily and the urinary rate is measured (uroflowmetry).
• Perform ultrasound or TRUS for differential diagnosis.
• If tumor needs to be ruled out, a biopsy, urogram, and PSA (prostate-specific antigen) determination are performed.
• To diagnose infertility, a sperm test is performed - the analysis of semen to determine a man's fertility.

Based on the patient's examination results, an individualized plan for comprehensive treatment of prostatitis is formulated. When prescribing the drug, the pathological form and the presence of concomitant diseases are taken into account. Where treatment takes place (inpatient or outpatient) is decided by the doctor. The course of treatment is carried out through careful laboratory monitoring of the results.

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Acute prostatitis requires bed rest, a special salt-free diet and sexual rest.Treatment method:

• The most effective treatment for prostatitis is allotropic therapy. If the basis of prostatitis is infection, a course of antibacterial drugs is preferred to relieve the manifestations of inflammation.
• Pain syndromes can be relieved with analgesics, antispasmodics, rectal suppositories, microenemas containing warm analgesic solutions. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be used.
• Combinations of immunostimulants, immunomodulators, enzymes, vitamin complexes and trace elements have proven their effectiveness.
• Physiotherapy methods are possible only in the subacute stage of the disease. They improve microcirculation and increase immunity: UHF, microwave, electrophoresis, laser, magnetic therapy.
• Massage is another effective way to affect the prostate. It opens the ducts and normalizes blood circulation in the scrotum and pelvis.
• Acute renal filtrate retention can be corrected with catheterization and trocar cystostomy.
• The purulent process involves surgical intervention.
• Consultation with a psychologist.

Treatment of acute inflammation of the prostate is complex.Effective treatment of acute prostatitis in men includes drugs from different pharmacological groups:

• antibiotic.Use drugs with broad-spectrum activity that are bactericidal against most pathogens. In most cases, antimicrobial therapy is an allotropic measure, since in most cases the cause of prostatic inflammation is microbial pathogens. For bacterial infections, antibiotics are prescribed, for viral infections, antiviral drugs, and if protozoa are detected, antitrichomoniasis drugs are prescribed. The selection of antimicrobial agents is made empirically or based on the results of PCR, bacterial microscopy, and bacterial culture. The selection of antimicrobial agents, determination of dosage, frequency and duration of administration can be left entirely to the attending physician. In addition to antibiotics, urinary tract disinfectants can be used, which have a disinfecting effect on the mucosa of the genitourinary tract.
• anti-inflammatory drugs.The severity of tissue swelling and the intensity of pain can be reduced. Usually, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used.
• Vascular Drugs– Reduces tissue swelling and decongests the prostate, thereby helping to reduce pain and improve blood circulation and local metabolic processes in the tissue.
• enzyme– Dilutes prostate secretions and promotes drainage of pus. In addition, enzymatic drugs increase the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy by improving the absorption of their active substances into the affected tissues.
• Diuretics (diuretics).They increase urine output, thereby helping to mechanically "flush" the infection.
• Along with antibiotics, patients take hepatoprotective agents to protect the liver parenchyma from toxic damage and improve its functional status.
• To eliminate and prevent the development of intestinal dysbiosis during antibiotic therapy, patients need to take probiotics.
• After the acute inflammation of the prostate subsides, the patient will receive a course of physical therapy - drug electrophoresis, electroplating, magnetic therapy, laser, mud therapy, etc. This type of surgery can improve local microcirculation and lymphatic drainage, metabolic processes and tissue nutrition, stimulate tissue repair, accelerate the final resolution of the inflammatory process, and promote tissue recovery and normalization of prostate functional status.

General activities are required.The recommended diet for men with acute prostatitis includes adequate amounts of easily digestible protein and vitamins.During the period of increased inflammation, spicy, fried, greasy, salty foods and marinades should be avoided in the diet.Excluding alcohol consumption, smoking cessation, abstinence and vigorous physical activity, including exercise, are recommended.To normalize sleep, work and rest, and balance the emotional background.During illness, a person needs functional rest.If acute prostatitis is diagnosed and treated promptly and correctly in a medical facility, the prognosis is good—full recovery.If acute prostatitis occurs, seek medical attention immediately and do not self-medicate!

Treatment of chronic prostatitis

Due to long-term, course-of-treatment (at least one month) effects on the prostate, 100% cure is not guaranteed. Prioritize herbal medicine, immune correction, changing family habits:

• Herbal preparations are widely used in urological practice. They are able to accumulate at the sites of the most active pathological processes, protect cells from oxidation, scavenge free radicals and prevent glandular tissue proliferation.
• Antimicrobial treatment is selected individually based on the susceptibility of the microorganism to the drug.
• Immunity-boosting medications not only help deal with prostatitis but can also correct the negative effects of antibiotics that disrupt immune system function.
• Pain syndrome can be relieved by taking alpha-blockers and muscle relaxants.
• Prostate massage can mechanically remove "excess" secretions from the gland through the urethra, improve circulation, and minimize congestion.
• Physical therapy: laser, magnet, ultrasound, iontophoresis, warm sitz bath or herbal micro-enema.
• In severe cases, intravenous fluids containing diuretics may be needed. This stimulates the production of large amounts of urine, preventing the development of symptoms of intoxication, ascending cystitis, and pyelonephritis.
• For constipation, herbal laxatives can be used.
• Urologists and psychologists work with patients to develop a personal long-term plan that includes daily living, necessary rest, diet, moderate physical activity, and sexual activity.
• If the chronic process is resistant to treatment and the outflow of urine is blocked, surgical intervention is required: removal of all affected tissue (transurethral resection of the prostate) or complete removal of the gland and its surrounding tissue (prostatectomy). Practiced under special circumstances, it can lead to impotence and urinary incontinence. Young people do not undergo surgery because it can lead to infertility.

medical treatement

Treatment of prostatitis with antimicrobial therapy must begin with bacterial culture, the purpose of which is to assess the body's sensitivity to such antibiotics. If urination is impaired, anti-inflammatory medications can produce good results.The drug is taken in the form of tablets, in acute cases - as a dropper or intramuscular injection. Rectal suppositories are effective in the treatment of chronic prostatitis: with their help, the drug reaches its target faster and has minimal impact on other organs.Blood-thinning medications and anti-inflammatory drugs have also been shown to be effective.

antibacterial treatment

Antibiotics are effective drugs against bacterial prostatitis. In order to achieve the desired effect without harming the body, the selection, dosage and treatment plan of the drug should be formulated by a doctor. In order to correctly select the most effective drug, he must find out the type of pathogen causing prostatitis and test the patient's tolerance to a specific group of antibiotics.Fluoroquinolone antibiotics have been shown to be effective in treating chronic prostatitis. They work to suppress bacterial infections and boost the body's own immunity. In addition to this, the bacteriostatic antibiotic trimethoprim is recommended for the prevention and treatment of concomitant diseases of the genitourinary system.Prostatitis caused by mycoplasma and chlamydia can also be treated with macrolide and tetracycline drugs, which slow the spread of the infection. The duration of taking antibacterial drugs is 2 to 4 weeks. If the situation is positive, the course may be extended.

physiotherapy

Physiotherapy techniques for the treatment of prostatitis are aimed at activating blood circulation in the pelvic area, improving metabolic processes in the prostate and cleaning the ducts. If physical therapy is combined with taking antibiotics, the effects of the latter are enhanced.The main methods include:

• magnet therapy;
• Laser Treatment;
• electrophoresis;
• warm up;
• ultrasound;
• mud therapy;
• high frequency irradiation;
• physiotherapy.

According to modern research, one of the oldest methods is transrectal prostate massage, but its effectiveness has not been proven.

non-specific treatment

Non-specific methods of treating prostatitis include:

• leech therapy;
• therapeutic fasting;
• acupuncture;
• Diet according to the Ostrovsky method;
• Alkalize the body using the Neumyvakin method.

We strongly recommend that you discuss all non-traditional methods of treating prostatitis with your doctor.

Surgery

Surgical methods are used in complex and emergency cases:

• For the drainage of purulent abscesses, which can be removed by puncture via laparoscopic approach;
• Difficulty urinating due to damage to the urinary tract;
• The affected area is large;
• There are numerous stones in the gland.

Stones and hardened tissue are removed using an endoscopic approach. If the affected area is large or has multiple stones, a prostatectomy is performed.Transurethral resection is also effective in bacterial prostatitis. In this way, the risk of recurrence can be reduced.

folk remedies

Folk remedies alone are unlikely to be effective in treating prostatitis, but may be suitable in combination with medications and physical therapy. These include: beekeeping products, herb and seed decoctions, garlic tinctures, ginger tinctures, Beaver Creek tinctures, fresh vegetables, pumpkin seeds.If the condition is serious, be sure to see a doctor and avoid self-medication! If a purulent abscess ruptures, death may occur.

prostatitis suppositories

Treating prostatitis with rectal suppositories is more effective than pills because the rectum is closer to the prostate, which means the medication works faster.Medications for treating prostatitis may have completely different ingredients; they are prescribed to address a specific problem.

1. Antibacterial agents are particularly effective against prostatitis caused by chlamydia.
2. Painkillers are used for symptomatic treatment; they provide good pain relief.
3. Immunostimulants help improve circulation, relieve swelling, and are used in complex treatments.
4. Herbs have a mild effect. They are like candles on bee products and are used as a supplement to primary treatments.
5. Ichthyol-based compositions promote blood flow in the intestinal mucosal area, thereby accelerating the attenuation of inflammatory processes and slightly improving immunity.
6. Products based on special enzymes prevent the formation of scar tissue. It is recommended as part of a combination of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics.

auxiliary medicine

For the symptomatic treatment of prostatitis in men, such as relieving pain during urination, antispasmodics can be additionally taken, which relax smooth muscles, thereby quickly relieving pain.Blood-thinning and anti-inflammatory dietary supplement based on bee products, pumpkin oil, and palm fruit extract to promote overall health.

diet and lifestyle

For the treatment of prostatitis, a proper, balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle are very important. Food should not contain spicy, fried, salty or pickled foods. In acute cases, alcohol consumption is strictly prohibited.Food should contain enough fiber to prevent constipation. Protein content should be reduced. It is recommended to supplement the diet with herbs, ginger and pumpkin seeds.

Consequences of untreated prostatitis

Even if symptoms of prostatitis have not appeared for a long time, it is necessary to undergo regular examinations by a urologist. Incompletely cured prostatitis may be accompanied by the formation of calcifications, which must then be removed along with the gland. Experts are convinced that there is no other way to remove or dissolve the stones.In addition, pathogenic microorganisms can migrate to adjacent organs and cause inflammation. Advanced prostatitis can lead to the development of adenomas and prostate cancer.

prevention

To prevent the occurrence of unpleasant male diseases, you need to eliminate triggering factors and follow simple rules:

• Maintain a healthy lifestyle and quit bad habits.
• Don't be too cold.
• Drink at least 1. 5-2 liters of water daily.
• Strengthen your immune system, walk more, and improve your physical fitness.
• Play sports and visit a health club.
• Avoid stressful situations.
• Maintain a regular sex life with a regular partner.